论文部分内容阅读
目的评价宜昌市2012~2014年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验效果,巩固适龄儿童的免疫屏障,有效控制疫苗可预防传染病的流行。方法收集2012~2014年宜昌市各县区入托入学儿童预防接种证和补证、补种疫苗的资料,并进行分类比较和统计分析。结果2012~2014年入托入学儿童接种证查验覆盖率99.43%、100%、100%,查验率99.69%、100%、100%,持证率95.58%、99.02%、99.27%,补证率96.58%、99.60%、100%,补种率94.58%~99.09%;各年间儿童持证率、补证率、补种率均呈上升趋势,且差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01),入托儿童的持证率和补种率高于入学儿童,城市儿童的持证率和补种率高于农村儿童;国家免疫规划疫苗合格接种率均>90%,呈上升趋势;各疫苗补种率差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01),白破疫苗的接种率、补种率均为最低,九种疫苗的接种率、补种率均为城市儿童高于农村儿童。结论需进一步在农村儿童及大年龄组儿童家长中进行免疫规划知识健康教育,提高该类儿童的接种率及补种率,缩小免疫空白人群。
Objective To evaluate the effect of vaccination certificate for vaccination of children enrolled in Yichang City from 2012 to 2014, to consolidate the immune barrier of children of school age and to effectively control the epidemic of infectious diseases. Methods The data of immunization vaccination and supplementary vaccination and vaccination of children admitted to schools in counties and districts of Yichang from 2012 to 2014 were collected and classified and compared statistically. Results The coverage rate of vaccination certificates for children enrolled in nursery schools from 2012 to 2014 was 99.43%, 100% and 100%. The inspection rates were 99.69%, 100% and 100%. The certificates of 95.95%, 99.02% and 99.27% , 99.60% and 100% respectively, and the rate of re-implantation was 94.58% -99.09%. The children’s card holding rate, card holding rate and replanting rate all showed an increasing trend in all years, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01) Children’s enrollment rate and replacement rate are higher than those of children enrolled, urban children’s certification rate and replacement rate is higher than that of rural children; the eligible vaccination rate of national immunization program is> 90%, showing an upward trend; (P <0.01). The vaccination rate and replanting rate of Baitiao vaccine were the lowest. The vaccination rate and replanting rate of nine vaccines were higher in urban children than in rural children. Conclusion It is necessary to further carry out immunization program knowledge and health education among rural children and parents of children in the older age group, to increase the vaccination rate and replacement rate of such children and to reduce the immunization blank population.