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目的探讨前置胎盘的临床高危因素及其对母婴的影响,为其预防提供理论依据。方法选取2010年9月—2013年6月期间住院的单胎前置胎盘孕产妇(112例)为研究组,同期住院的健康、单胎、非前置胎盘孕产妇(177例)为对照组,回顾性分析前置胎盘临床常见病因及其对母婴的影响。结果研究组中年龄≥35岁者43例,占38.4%,无业30例,占26.8%,工人32例,占28.6%,分娩史≥3次者29例,占25.9%,人工流产史≥3次者48例,占42.9%,剖宫产史者22例,占19.6%,盆腔炎史者39例,占34.8%,均高于对照组;经统计学分析比较,两组患者年龄、人工流产史、剖宫产史、分娩史、盆腔炎史差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),Logistic回归分析显示,高龄、多次人工流产史、剖宫产史及分娩史暴露率相对较高,是前置胎盘的常见病因;两组产妇妊娠结局比较,研究组剖宫产、胎盘粘连、胎盘植入、产后出血、产褥期感染、早产、低出生体重儿、新生儿窒息发生率明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论年龄、人工流产史、剖宫产史、分娩史是前置胎盘的高危因素,严重威胁母婴生命,应做好生殖卫生、实行计划生育、减少人工流产次数、降低剖宫产率等防治措施。
Objective To investigate the clinical risk factors of placenta previa and its impact on maternal and infant, providing a theoretical basis for its prevention. Methods The pregnant women with single placenta previa (112 cases) hospitalized from September 2010 to June 2013 were selected as the study group. The healthy, singleton and non-placenta pregnant women (177 cases) were hospitalized in the same period as the control group , Retrospective analysis of the common cause of placenta previa and its impact on mothers and children. Results In the study group, 43 cases were aged ≥35 years old, accounting for 38.4%, 30 unemployed, accounting for 26.8%, 32 workers, accounting for 28.6%, delivery history ≥ 3 times, 29 cases, accounting for 25.9%, abortion history ≥3 48 cases, accounting for 42.9%, 22 cases of cesarean section, accounting for 19.6%, 39 cases of pelvic inflammatory disease, accounting for 34.8%, were higher than the control group; by statistical analysis, the two groups of patients age, Abortion history, history of cesarean section, delivery history and history of pelvic inflammatory disease were statistically significant (all P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, multiple abortion history, cesarean section history and delivery history exposure rate were relatively High, is a common cause of placenta previa; Comparison of pregnancy outcomes between the two groups, the study group cesarean section, placenta accreta, placenta accreta, postpartum hemorrhage, puerperal infection, premature birth, low birth weight infants, neonatal asphyxia was significantly higher In the control group, the differences were statistically significant (all P <0.05). Conclusions Age, abortion history, cesarean section history and delivery history are risk factors of placenta previa. Serious threat to maternal and infant life, reproductive health, family planning, reduce the number of induced abortion, reduce the rate of cesarean section Measures.