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机体的天然免疫系统是古老的、保守的和重要的抗感染防御体系.脊椎动物、无脊椎动物甚至植物受到病原微生物攻击时,均可以活化并产生不同的天然免疫防御应答.天然免疫系统如何防御病原体微生物感染,一直是免疫学甚至生命科学领域的重要课题.因此,哺乳动物(小鼠(Mus musculus)和人)的天然免疫防御效应和机制研究成为目前免疫学领域的研究热点和重点.研究主要集中在病原体的免疫识别、免疫细胞集聚和病原体免疫清除等不同阶段的天然免疫防御效应和机制.本文主要从以上3个方面简要评述了近年来在天然免疫细胞防御病原微生物感染的效应及机制方面的研究进展.针对某一热点研究主题,也引用了较为详尽的文献综述.这将有助于研究者从整体上认识天然免疫系统、天然免疫细胞和分子对病原体感染的防御效应.
The body’s natural immune system is an ancient, conservative and important anti-infective defense system that can activate and produce different innate immune defense responses in vertebrates, invertebrates and even plants that are attacked by pathogenic microorganisms. Pathogen microbial infection has been an important issue in the field of immunology and even life science.Therefore, researches on innate immunity defense mechanism and mechanism of mammals (Mus musculus and human) become the focus and hotspot in the field of immunology.Research Mainly focuses on the innate immune defensive effects and mechanisms of immune pathogens at different stages such as immune recognition, immune cell aggregation and pathogen immune clearance.In this paper, the effects and mechanisms of innate immune cells defense against pathogenic microorganisms in recent years are briefly reviewed from the above three aspects In the light of a hot research topic, a more comprehensive literature review is also cited, which will help researchers to understand the defensive effect of the natural immune system, innate immune cells and molecules on pathogen infection as a whole.