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应用授粉后外源DNA 导入技术,将亚洲棉(G.arboreum)常熟黑子的总体DNA 导入陆地棉(G.hirsutum)岱红岱,经连续选择成功地育成了高产优质、吐絮集中、抗逆性强、耐渍涝,兼耐枯萎病的棉花新品种——湘棉12号,并获得一批有价值的品系和种质资源。在进行品种选育的同时,对多种外源DNA 分别导入不同陆地棉品种的后代,进行了田间性状观察及酯酶、过氧化物酶同工酶测定,结果发现:(1)经外源DNA 注射的后代,形态特征(包括子叶数目、真叶形状、植株茎叶腺体分布等)出现变异,还出现雄性不育株以及纤维品质优、强力好、产量高的后代;(2)有些后代的酶酶、过氧化物酶同工酶与受体和供体比较,存在一些差异;(3)从多种外源DNA 对不同受体的引变效果看,以用中子照射过的材料,引变率较大,同工酶谱的差异也比较明显.
The total DNA of G.arboreum Changshu was introduced into Daidai Dai of G.hirsutum by using the technique of exogenous DNA introduction after pollination. Successive selection led to high yield and high quality, Strong, resistant to waterlogging, and resistant to Fusarium wilt cotton new varieties - Xiang Mian 12, and access to a number of valuable lines and germplasm resources. At the same time of selecting and breeding varieties, we introduced different kinds of foreign DNA into the descendants of different G. hirsutum cultivars. The field traits and esterase and peroxidase isozymes were measured. The results showed: (1) The morphological characteristics (including the number of cotyledons, the shape of true leaves, the distribution of stem and leaf gland of plants, etc.) of the offspring of DNA injection also appeared male sterility strains and offspring with good fiber quality, good power and high yield; (2) some There are some differences between enzyme and peroxidase isozymes of the offspring and the receptor and donor; (3) From the effect of different exogenous DNA on the induction of different receptors, Materials, lead rate is larger, isoenzyme zymogram differences are also more obvious.