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目的分析2006-2015年河南省宜阳县肺结核病的发病情况和流行病学特征,为当地制定十三五结核病防治规划提供科学依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对2006-2015年宜阳县登记的肺结核患者进行统计分析。结果2006-2015年共登记肺结核患者5 121例,年均登记率为73.26/10万,登记发病率呈下降趋势;转诊和因症就诊是发现肺结核患者的主要方式,分别占登记病例总数的44.44%和39.91%,因症就诊发现肺结核患者逐年增多,转诊到位患者呈下降趋势;各月均有肺结核患者发生,多集中于1-4月,3月份月均登记病例数最多;5121例肺结核患者中男女登记发病率分别为95.95/10万和48.48/10万,其中14岁以下男女登记发病率分别为4.77/10万和7.19/10万,15岁以上男性登记发病率明显高于女性;各年龄组均有发病,且随年龄增加登记发病率有升高趋势;职业分布中农民、学生和民工3类人群登记患数最多,占总登记人数的87.56%。结论 2006-2015年宜阳县结核病登记发病率呈逐年下降趋势,男性,老年人,农民、学生、民工是结核的高发人群,是结核病防治工作的重点。
Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Yiyang County of Henan Province from 2006 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for the local prevention and control program of tuberculosis in the 13th Five-year Plan. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for statistical analysis of tuberculosis patients registered in Yiyang County from 2006 to 2015. Results A total of 5 121 cases of TB patients were registered in 2006-2015, with an average annual enrollment rate of 73.26 / 100 000, with a decreasing incidence of registration. Referral and symptom visits were the main ways to identify TB patients, accounting for the total number of registered cases 44.44% and 39.91% respectively. The number of patients with tuberculosis increased year by year because of symptoms, and the number of referral patients was declining. Tuberculosis patients occurred in each month, mostly in January-April, with the highest monthly number of registration in March and 5121 cases The incidence rates of male and female registered tuberculosis were 95.95 / 100000 and 48.48 / 100000, respectively. The incidence of male and female under 14 years old was 4.77 / 100000 and 7.19 / 100000 respectively. The incidence of male registration was significantly higher than that of female ; All age groups have morbidity, and the incidence of registration increases with age; the occupational distribution of peasants, students and migrant workers registered the largest number of three categories of population, accounting for 87.56% of the total number of registration. Conclusion The incidence of tuberculosis registration in Yiyang County decreased from 2006 to 2015. The male, elderly, peasants, students and migrant workers are the high incidence of tuberculosis, which is the focus of tuberculosis prevention and control work.