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在党和政府的大力推动、引导和支持下,新型农村合作医疗制度(简称新农合)从试点到全面推行,只用了几年时间,几乎覆盖我国所有农村居民,成为世界上覆盖人口最多的一项保障制度,也是近年来大家广泛称赞的一项普惠性制度。十一届全国人大常委会第十八次会议对“新医改”进行专题询问时,国家发改委主任张平作了国务院关于深化医改报告,他表示,截至2010年10月底,新农合参合率持续稳定在90%以上,参合人数达到8.35亿人。2010年,各级政府将对新农合和城镇居民医保补助标准提高到每人每年不低于120元。新农合的广泛和纵深发展,将大大提高广大农村居民的医疗保障水平。这对于缓解农民看病难、看病贵,提高农民健康水平,构建和谐社会,具有重要意义。可是,这一惠民的制度目前却没有资金统筹的长效保障。而全国少数地方又出现了“套合”、“骗合”现象,利用各种方法套取、挪用、贪污新农合资金。伴随新农合基金盘子越来越大,如何管好、用好新农合基金,保障新农合可持续发展,公众意见指向立法。于2011年6月1日正式贯彻实施的《江苏省新型农村合作医疗条例》,是我国第一部新农合地方性法规。该法规对新农合筹资机制的建立、基金的使用和监管机制、相关机构职责、参合人的范围和待遇等方面均作了详细和具体的规定。或许,这将成为我国各地逐步实现以法规范“新农合”的开始。
With the vigorous promotion and guidance and support of the party and the government, the new rural cooperative medical system (NRCMS) has taken only a few years from pilot projects to its full implementation and has covered almost all rural residents in our country and has become the world’s most populous country It is also a universal system widely praised by all in recent years. At the 18th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People’s Congress on the special issue of “new medical reform”, Zhang Ping, director of the National Development and Reform Commission, made a report on deepening medical reform from the State Council. He said that as of the end of October 2010, The rate of sustained stability in more than 90%, the number of participants reached 835 million. In 2010, governments at all levels will raise the standard of Medicare subsidies for NCMS and urban residents to no less than 120 yuan per person per year. The extensive and in-depth development of the new rural cooperative medical system will greatly enhance the level of medical security for the majority of rural residents. This is of great significance for alleviating the difficulty of seeing and treating peasants, expensive treatment of peasants, raising the peasants’ health level and building a harmonious society. However, this system of benefiting the people does not have the long-term guarantee of overall funding. In a small number of places in the country, there emerged the phenomenon of “confederation” and “deceitful cooperation”, and used various methods to intercept, misappropriate and embezzle the new rural cooperative medical fund. With the growing number of new rural cooperative medical funds, how to manage and make good use of the new rural cooperative fund to ensure the sustainable development of the new rural cooperative medical personnel, the public opinion points to legislation. On June 1, 2011, the “New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme of Jiangsu Province”, which was formally implemented on June 1, 2011, is the first local laws and regulations of NCMS. The law provides detailed and specific provisions on the establishment of the NCMS co-financing mechanism, the use and supervision of the fund, the responsibilities of relevant agencies, the scope and treatment of participants. Perhaps this will be the beginning of the gradual realization of the “NRCMS” standardization of law and order in various parts of China.