森林脑炎是林区特有的自然疫源性疾病,对林区职工的安全和健康威胁很大,为国家规定的职业病。森林脑炎是一种嗜神经病毒所引起的传染病,以我国东北林区多见。其主要传染源是啮齿类动物,如缟纹鼠、松鼠、田鼠、刺猬等,家禽家畜也可以成为传染源。通过蜱(壁虱)的叮咬,将病毒传入人体。经血液而侵入中枢神经系统。此病多发生在五、六、七三个月内。该病起病急剧,突然高烧,并有头痛、呕吐、意识障碍,脑膜刺激症及瘫痪。但病愈后可有稳定性的免疫力,不会第二次发病。其治疗措施主要是对高热、昏迷、抽搐、呼吸衰竭等的对症治疗,同时也可用恢复期病人血清或新鲜全血、以及免疫马血清、高价免疫球蛋白治疗。 Forest encephalitis is a natural foci disease endemic to the forest area and poses a great threat to the safety and health of forest workers. It is an occupational disease prescribed by the state. Forest encephalitis is a kind of infectious disease caused by neurotropic virus, which is more common in the forest areas of Northeast China. Its main source of infection is rodents, such as brachiaria, squirrels, voles, hedgehogs, poultry and livestock can also become a source of infection. The virus is introduced into the body through bites of ticks (ticks). Invades the central nervous system via blood. The disease occurred in five or six, seven or three months. The disease onset is rapid, sudden high fever, and headache, vomiting, disturbance of consciousness, meningeal irritation and paralysis. But after the recovery may have a stable immunity, will not be the second incidence. The treatment is mainly symptomatic treatment of high fever, coma, convulsions, respiratory failure, etc., but also the recovery of patients with serum or fresh whole blood, as well as immune horse serum, high-priced immunoglobulin treatment.