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利用AFLP分子标记技术,对采自中国新疆和吉尔吉斯斯坦2个地区的6份鸭茅种质群体共90个单株材料进行遗传多样性分析,探讨不同地理来源鸭茅种质遗传变异产生的分子生态机理。结果显示:(1)4对AFLP引物共扩增出208条多态性条带,多态百分比为59.86%,多态信息量为0.205 3;种群Neis基因多样性指数变化范围在0.201 9~0.233 6,总多样性指数为0.335 8,均值为0.230 9;种群Shannon信息指数变化为0.235 5~0.293 5,总体和均值分别为0.399 4和0.266 4。(2)单株和群体的UPGMA聚类树形图、STRUCTURE分析和主坐标分析均表明,同一地区的种质材料均聚在一起,表现出明显的地域性。(3)AMOVA分析显示,63.30%的遗传变异发生在种质群体内的个体间,种质群体间遗传分化为36.70%,2个采样地区之间的遗传差异达23.51%。研究表明,供试种质材料具有丰富的遗传多样性和高水平的遗传分化,种质群体的遗传多样性不仅受到地域隔离的限制,同时环境因子,如海拔、温度和月降水量对其影响也比较明显。
AFLP molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 90 accessions from 6 accessions from two regions of China Xinjiang and Kyrgyzstan to investigate the genetic variation of the germplasm from different geographical origins Ecological mechanism. The results showed that: (1) Four pairs of AFLP primers amplified 208 polymorphic bands, the percentage of polymorphism was 59.86% and the amount of polymorphic information was 0.205 3. The diversity index of Nei s gene in population ranged from 0.201 9 ~ 0.233 6, the total diversity index was 0.335 8, the average was 0.230 9; the Shannon information index of population varied from 0.235 5 to 0.293 5 with the overall and mean values of 0.399 4 and 0.266 4, respectively. (2) The UPGMA cluster tree, STRUCTURE analysis and main coordinate analysis of single plant and population all showed that the germplasm materials in the same area all clustered together and showed obvious regional characteristics. (3) AMOVA analysis showed that 63.30% of the genetic variation occurred among individuals within the germplasm population. Genetic differentiation among germplasm groups was 36.70%, with a genetic difference of 23.51% between the two sampling regions. The results showed that the tested germplasm had rich genetic diversity and high level of genetic differentiation. The genetic diversity of the germplasm population was not only restricted by geographical isolation, but also influenced by environmental factors such as altitude, temperature and monthly precipitation Also more obvious.