20世纪20年代的中国,是一个从极度封闭到彻底开放的两极变换的动荡时代。《沉沦》是在“五四”诞生的,“五四”时期的中国思想状况及其复杂。在中国传统文化中,以礼教为中心的道统对个性的压抑,到了新文化运动时期受到了猛烈的冲击。当时的中国处在半封建半殖民地时代,生活在本土文化与殖民主义文化杂糅并存的文化生态中,生活在西方已将中国文化纳入文 China in the 1920s was a turbulent era of bipolar transformation from extremely closed to completely open. “Degradation” is the state of Chinese thought and its complexity during the May Fourth Movement and during the May 4th Movement. In Chinese traditional culture, the repression of individuality centered on ethics and ritual education was severely hit by the New Culture Movement. At a time when China was in a semi-feudal and semi-colonial era, it lived in a cultural ecology in which indigenous cultures and colonial cultures were mixed together and lived in the West and incorporated Chinese culture