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随着我国人口红利的逐步消失,粗放式的经济增长模式已不再适应当今的经济发展,加快实施产业结构转型、推进技术创新与应用成为制造业企业发展的新着力点。本文运用世界银行2005年和2012年的企业调查数据,通过多元回归分析,探讨了制造业技术应用深化对就业总量及劳动者技能结构的影响。研究发现,现阶段的技术应用对就业仍存在创造效应,但已趋近于零,且技术偏态效应在长期不明显。与制造业相比,零售业及其他服务业对劳动力的吸纳能力较强且对劳动者技能水平要求较低,是吸收制造业挤出劳动力的有力承接点。
With the gradual disappearance of the demographic dividend in our country, the extensive mode of economic growth no longer meets the current economic development. It is also a new focus of the development of manufacturing enterprises that accelerating the implementation of industrial restructuring and promoting technological innovation and application. This paper uses World Bank survey data from 2005 and 2012 to analyze the impact of deepening the application of manufacturing technology on the total employment and the skill structure of workers through multiple regression analysis. The research shows that there is still a creative effect on the employment of technology application at the present stage, but it approaches zero, and the technology skew effect is not obvious in the long term. Compared with the manufacturing industry, the retail industry and other service industries have strong absorptive capacity for labor force and low skill level of workers, which is a strong support point for absorbing the labor force that the manufacturing industry squeezes out.