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目的 通过对下腰部的局部解剖，探讨下腰部多裂肌间隙的位置和多裂肌周围的神经血管分布特点及临床意义。方法对5具尸体进行下腰部局部解剖，观察胸最长肌、腰髂肋肌和多裂肌的起止、走行和位置关系，观察脊神经后支外侧支和腰血管背支的分支、分布和走行特点，测量脊神经后支外侧皮支从多裂肌外侧缘穿入腰髂肋肌点距棘突的距离。结果翻开胸腰筋膜，可见胸最长肌和腰髂肋肌；将两者分开，可见到深面的多裂肌及其间隙；在多裂肌的后方和外侧可见脊神经后支的外侧支发出的分支及伴行的腰血管背支。结论下腰部腰椎后路手术经多裂肌间隙入路，位于多裂肌和腰髂肋肌之间，该间隙分布着大量的脊神经后支外侧支和腰血管背支，手术过程中需要注意保护。
Objective To investigate the location of the lower lobe and the distribution of neurovascular vessels around the periapical muscle through the local anatomy of the lower lobe and its clinical significance. Methods The local anatomy of lower body was performed on 5 corpses. The relationship between the start, stop and position of the longissimus dorsi, lumbar and iliofemoral muscle and the multifidus were observed. The branch, distribution and movement of the dorsal branch of the dorsalis pedis and the dorsalis pedis were observed Characteristics of measuring the dorsal raphe lateral branch of the skin from the lateral margin of the multifidus into the iliac fossa point distance from the spinous process. Results Open the thoracolumbar fascia, showing the longest chest muscle and lumbar iliac ribs muscle; the two separated, you can see the deep multifidus muscle and its gap; in the rear and lateral multifidus can be seen outside the dorsal branch of the spinal nerve Branches and accompanying branches of the back of the dorsal vascular. Conclusion Posterior lumbar posterior lumbar surgery through the multifidus space approach, located between the multifidus muscle and lumbar iliolus muscle, the gap is distributed in a large number of dorsal branch of the dorsal ramus and dorsal vascular branches, the need for protection during surgery .