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杜鹃三节叶蜂Arge similis(Vollenhoven)是深圳市梧桐山风景区的一种重要害虫,为害杜鹃花科Ericaceae的多个栽培种类,严重影响植株的长势及观赏价值。本试验通过野外调查和室内观察,对杜鹃三节叶蜂的形态特征、生物学特性及发生规律进行了研究。结果表明:杜鹃三节叶蜂在深圳市梧桐山风景区一年发生7代,以蛹越冬,翌年2月下旬越冬蛹陆续开始羽化为成虫,3月上中旬即开始产卵,4-9月份有明显的世代重叠,11月下旬老熟幼虫入土化蛹越冬,完成一个世代需要32-46 d。卵集中产在杜鹃嫩叶叶背与叶缘表皮之间。幼虫共5龄,具有暴发性、暴食性的特点,1-2龄幼虫群集取食,食量较小,3龄以后幼虫开始分散为害,食量大增。老熟幼虫在植株基部周围的土壤中或枯枝落叶层间吐丝结茧化蛹,化蛹深度在距地表2-5 cm左右。
Three cuckoo bees Arge similis (Vollenhoven) is an important pest of Wutongshan Scenic Spot in Shenzhen, which harms many cultivars of Ericaceae, seriously affecting plant growth and ornamental value. In this experiment, the morphological characteristics, biological characteristics and occurrence regularity of three kinds of Phragmites australis were studied through field investigation and indoor observation. The results showed that the three bee-eaters of Azalea occurred seven generations a year in Wutongshan Scenic Spot in Shenzhen City, overwintered with pupae, overwintering pupae began to emerge as adults in the following February, and began to lay eggs in mid-March. From April to September, Significant generations of overlap, late November mature larvae pupation overwintering, to complete a generation need 32-46 d. Eggs concentrated in the leaves of the cuckoo tender leaves and leaf margin between the epidermis. Larvae a total of 5 years, with the characteristics of fulminant, binge eating, 1-2 instar larvae cluster feeding, food intake is small, 3 instar larvae began to disperse damage, food intake increased greatly. Mature larvae in the soil around the base of the plant or litter layer silkworm cocoon pupation, pupation depth of about 2-5 cm from the surface.