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目的探讨乙型肝炎表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）突变体对抗体结合能力的影响，寻找鉴别变异株的办法和规律，并为改进试剂质量进行基础研究。方法用２３家国产ＨＢｓＡｇＥＩＡ检测１０株重组表达ＨＢｓＡｇ突变体和１株原型ＨＢｓＡｇ。结果２３家国产试剂均能检测出原型、重组表达ＨＢｓＡｇ。表达的１０株突变体，１号试剂可全部检出，其它试剂的检出率分别为：对突变体抗原１４５精氨酸、１３３亮氨酸、１２６天冬酰胺的检出率为９１％，１４２丝氨酸为８６％，１４２亮氨酸为８２％，１２９组氨酸为７８％，１４１谷氨酸为３４％，１２６丝氨酸为３０％，１４４丙氨酸为２６％，１４５精氨酸＋１２６丝氨酸为１７％。结论乙肝Ｓ基因不同位点变异可导致与某些单抗的结合力降低，为进一步发展检测鉴别ＨＢｓＡｇ突变体的诊断试剂提供了理论基础。
Objective To investigate the effect of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) mutants on antibody binding ability, to find out the methods and rules for identifying mutant strains and to make fundamental research on improving reagent quality. Methods Twenty-three HBsAgEIA-produced HBsAg mutants and one prototype HBsAg were detected by 23 homemade HBsAgEIA. Results Twenty-three domestic reagents were able to detect the prototype and recombinantly express HBsAg. The expression of 10 mutants, No. 1 reagent can be all detected, the detection rate of other reagents were: the mutant antigen 145 arginine, 133 leucine, 126 asparagine detection rate was 91% 142 serine 86%, 142 leucine 82%, 129 histidine 78%, 141 glutamate 34%, 126 serine 30%, 144 alanine 26%, 145 arginine + 126 serine Is 17%. Conclusion The variation of S gene at different sites in Hepatitis B can lead to the decrease of binding ability with some McAbs, which provides a theoretical basis for the further development of diagnostic reagents for detecting and identifying HBsAg mutants.