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目的了解2013—2015年三门县适龄儿童扩大国家免疫规划疫苗接种现况。方法采用随机抽样方法,每年从三门县所辖13个乡镇分别随机抽取2个村,每个村按年龄(2~3岁、4~5岁、6~7岁)分别随机入户调查7名儿童,采用入户见人查证方法进行疫苗接种情况调查。结果 2013—2015年共调查1 547名2~7岁儿童,建证率达100.00%,重组乙型病毒性肝炎疫苗(He PB)、卡介苗(BCG)、口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(OPV)、吸附无细胞百白破联合疫苗(DTP)、麻疹类疫苗(MCV)五苗的单苗接种率均在98%以上,五苗全程接种率均在94%以上。这3年的MCV 1接种率、MCV 1接种及时率和五苗全程接种率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但MCV 1接种及时率相对较低。加强疫苗中,DTP 4接种率最高,为98.21%,A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗第2剂次(MPV-A+C2)接种率最低,为83.73%,各类加强疫苗接种率均随年份呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。2013—2015年水痘疫苗接种率为95.45%,B型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗为91.43%,轮状病毒疫苗为55.23%。结论三门县儿童一类、二类疫苗接种率均处于较高水平,但MCV1接种及时率和轮状病毒疫苗接种率较低,应加强管理。
Objective To understand the current situation of expanding vaccination coverage of national immunization programs among school-age children in Sanmen County from 2013 to 2015. Methods A random sampling method was adopted. Two villages were randomly selected from 13 townships under the jurisdiction of Sanmen County every year. Each village was randomly selected according to age (2-3 years old, 4-5 years old, 6-7 years old) Children, using the home visit verification methods for vaccination survey. Results A total of 1 547 children aged 2 to 7 years were investigated from 2013 to 2015 with a rate of 100.00%. The recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, Hepatitis B vaccine, BCG vaccine, live attenuated oral polio vaccine (OPV) ). The single seedling vaccination rate of all five seedlings with adsorption of cell-free DTP and measles vaccine were over 98%. The whole-course vaccination rate of five seedlings was above 94%. The three-year MCV 1 vaccination rate, MCV 1 vaccination timely rate and five seedlings throughout the vaccination rate, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), but MCV 1 vaccination and timely rate is relatively low. Among the booster vaccines, the highest vaccination rate of DTP 4 was 98.21%. The lowest vaccination rate of the second dose of MPV-A + C2 was 83.73% for group A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine Year showed an upward trend (P <0.05). The vaccination rate of chickenpox in 2013-2015 was 95.45%, the Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine was 91.43%, and the rotavirus vaccine was 55.23%. Conclusions The vaccination rates of the first and second categories of children in Sanmen County are at a high level. However, the timely vaccination rate of MCV1 and the vaccination rate of rotavirus should be kept under control.