作者调查染熨工110名,70%为男工,30岁以上占60%。工龄5年以下30人,6～10年39人,11～16年41人。纺织精梳工134名,90%为女工,均在30岁以下。工龄5年以下40人,6～10年51人,11～16年43人。并以从事管理工作的50名健康者作对照。以便探讨工业生产因素对工人上呼吸道粘膜的影响。调查发现染熨车间有醋酸、碳酸和氨蒸气,湿度为50%;精梳车间有碳酸蒸气和尘埃。虽上述有害物含量均在国家限定标准之内,但含金属的染料逐年增加,已占75%以上,合成纤维在纱容量中占30～50%。鼻呼吸、嗅觉、排出和反射机能检查发现机能障碍要早于鼻粘膜的变化。染 The authors surveyed 110 ironing workers, 70% were male workers and 60% were over 30 years of age. 30 years of service less than 5 years, 6 to 10 years 39 people, 11 to 16 years 41 people. 134 were textile combing workers and 90% were female workers, all under the age of 30. 40 years of service less than 5 years, 6 to 10 years 51 people, 11 to 16 years 43 people. A comparison was made with 50 healthy people in management. In order to explore the impact of industrial factors on workers upper respiratory mucosa. The survey found that the dye workshop with acetic acid, carbonated and ammonia vapor, humidity 50%; combed workshop carbonated steam and dust. Although the above content of harmful substances are within the national standard, metal-containing dyes have increased by more than 75% each year, and synthetic fibers account for 30% to 50% of yarn capacity. Nasal respiratory, olfactory, excretion, and reflex functional tests revealed changes in dysfunction earlier than nasal mucosa. dye