性激素为性腺分泌的激素,包括雌激素、孕激素和雄激素。临床多用人工合成品及其衍生物。目前常用的避孕药也大多属于雌激素与孕激素的复合制剂。 卵巢成熟滤泡分泌的雌激素是雌二醇及少量的雌酮。天然的雌二醇活性较低,目前临床常用的雌激素类药多系雌二醇的合成衍生物。主要有炔雌醇、炔雌醚、苯甲酸雌二醇及戊酸雌二醇等。根据天然雌激素结构特点,也合成一些结构简单的非雌激素却具雌激素样作用的同型化合物,如己烯雌酚和己烷雌酚等。制剂多为片剂、注射剂,也有用贴膜剂、软膏剂、胶囊、滴丸、栓剂等剂型。雌激素类药多用于: 1.绝经期综合征 更年期妇女卵巢功能逐渐衰退,雌激素分泌减少,垂体促性腺激素分泌增多,因此造成垂体与卵巢 Sex hormones are hormones secreted by the gonads, including estrogen, progestin and androgens. Clinical multi-purpose synthetic products and their derivatives. Currently most of the contraceptives are mostly estrogen and progesterone compound preparation. Estrogen secreted by mature ovarian follicles is estradiol and a small amount of estrone. Natural estradiol activity is low, the current clinical commonly used estrogen drugs and more synthetic derivatives of estradiol. Ethinyl estradiol, ethinyl estradiol, estradiol benzoate and estradiol valerate and so on. According to the characteristics of natural estrogen structure, but also the synthesis of some simple non-estrogen estrogen-like role of the same type of compounds, such as diethylstilbestrol and hexane diethylstilbestrol. Preparations are mostly tablets, injections, but also useful film, ointment, capsules, pills, suppositories and other dosage forms. Estrogen drugs used for: 1. Menopausal women menopausal women gradually decline in ovarian function, decreased estrogen secretion, pituitary gonadotropin secretion increased, resulting in pituitary and ovary