目的:对农村儿童杀虫剂中毒的危险因素进行分析,减少杀虫剂中毒情况的发生。方法:选取2013年1月~12月间因杀虫剂中毒来该院就诊的农村儿童78例为观察组,另选取同一时间段健康的同龄农村儿童78例为对照组。比较两组儿童的生长环境及日常习惯,进而探讨农村儿童杀虫剂中毒的危险因素。结果:观察组儿童的祖辈为监护人、监护频率低、儿童经常外出玩耍、缺乏中毒预防知识、随意放置喷洒器具和工作服、工作服未及时清洗等几率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:家庭、儿童及学校等因素均与农村儿童杀虫剂中毒有关,应提高家庭和学校的防范意识,提高儿童自我保护能力,从而减少杀虫剂中毒情况的发生。 Objective: To analyze the risk factors of children pesticide poisoning in rural areas and reduce the incidence of pesticide poisoning. Methods: From January to December 2013, 78 rural children treated by pesticide poisoning in our hospital were selected as the observation group. 78 healthy rural children of the same age were selected as the control group. Compare the growth environment and daily habits of two groups of children, and then explore the risk factors of pesticide poisoning in rural children. Results: The ancestors of the observation group were guardians, the guardianship frequency was low, the children often went out to play, the lack of knowledge of poisoning prevention, the random placement of sprinkler and work clothes, the uniforms of uniforms and other uniforms were higher than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Factors such as family, children and school are related to pesticide poisoning in rural children. Family and school awareness should be raised and children’s self-protection ability should be improved so as to reduce the incidence of pesticide poisoning.