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结合某工程泄洪洞进口体型的选型设计，通过水力学模型试验，对三种型式的竖井孔口式进口的水力特性及非恒定泄流特性进行了观测与比较。结果表明，不同型式的竖井孔口式进口，在孔口尺寸相同的情况下，虽然恒定泄流特性相似，但其他水力特性，如流态、压力等，却有较大差异。非恒定泄流时，库水位变化主要与洪水入库过程和库容容积特征有关，泄量过程则与孔口尺寸和库水位过程有关。
Combined with the design of the inlet body shape of a project flood discharge tunnel, the hydraulic characteristics and unsteady discharge characteristics of the three types of shaft orifice inlet were observed and compared through the hydraulic model test. The results show that different types of vertical shaft orifice inlet have the same constant discharge characteristics when the orifice size is the same, but other hydraulic characteristics such as flow and pressure are quite different. During unsteady discharge, the change of reservoir water level is mainly related to flood storage process and volumetric capacity characteristics, and the discharge process is related to orifice size and reservoir water level process.