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目的比较斋戒与非斋戒回族糖尿病患者自我管理行为及生存质量,为回族糖尿病患者自我管理的指导提供依据。方法选取2015-06-18至2015-07-17(斋月)在某医疗机构就诊的回族糖尿病患者85例,根据是否斋戒分为斋戒组(n=40)和非斋戒组(n=45)。采用问卷调查法,对患者进行面对面调查。问卷分为基本情况、2型糖尿病自我管理行为量表(2-DSCS)和糖尿病生存质量特异性量表(DSQL)3部分。共发放问卷85份,回收有效问卷85份,有效回收率为100.0%。结果两组及国内常模的饮食控制、遵医嘱服药、血糖监测、足部护理、预防和处理高/低血糖维度得分及自我管理行为总分间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而规律锻炼维度得分间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);其中斋戒组、非斋戒组饮食控制、遵医嘱服药、血糖监测、足部护理、预防和处理高/低血糖维度得分及自我管理行为总分高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);斋戒组足部护理、预防和处理高/低血糖维度得分及自我管理行为总分低于非斋戒组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。斋戒组生理、治疗维度得分及生存质量总分高于非斋戒组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组心理/精神、社会关系维度得分间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论回族糖尿病患者自我管理行为整体较好。斋戒糖尿病患者在足部护理、预防和处理高/低血糖以及总体自我管理行为方面均较非斋戒糖尿病患者低,而且生理、治疗及总体生存质量亦较非斋戒糖尿病患者低。因此,在斋月期间要特别关注对斋戒糖尿病患者的管理与指导,以提高患者的自我管理能力及生存质量。
Objective To compare self-management behavior and quality of life of fasting and non-fasting diabetic patients and provide basis for self-management of patients with diabetes mellitus in Hui ethnicity. Methods A total of 85 Hui patients diagnosed at a medical institution from January 2015 to June 17, 2015-07-17 (Ramadan) were divided into two groups: fasting group (n = 40) and non-fasting group (n = 45) according to whether they were fasting or not. A questionnaire survey was conducted on patients to conduct face-to-face investigations. The questionnaires were divided into three parts: basic situation, type 2 diabetes self-management behavior scale (2-DSCS) and diabetes quality of life scale (DSQL). A total of 85 questionnaires were distributed, 85 valid questionnaires were returned, the effective recovery rate was 100.0%. Results The differences in diet control, medication compliance, blood glucose monitoring, foot care, prevention and treatment of high / low glycemic dimensions scores and total self-management behavior scores between the two groups were statistically significant (P <0.05) There was no significant difference between the regular workout and exercise scores (P> 0.05). Among them, fasting group, diet control in non-fasting group, medication prescribed, blood glucose monitoring, foot care, prevention and treatment of high / low glycemic score and self-management behavior (P <0.05); fasting group foot care, prevention and treatment of high / low glycemic dimensions score and self-management behavior score was lower than non-fasting group, the difference was statistically significant Significance (P <0.05). The scores of physical, therapeutic dimensions and quality of life in fasting group were significantly higher than those in non-fasting group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the scores of psychology, psychology and social relationship (P> 0.05) . Conclusion The self-management behaviors of Hui diabetics are better overall. Fasting patients with diabetes have lower rates of foot care, prevention / treatment of hyper / hypoglycemia and overall self-management behavior than non-fasting patients with diabetes, and have lower physiologic, therapeutic and overall quality of life than those without fasting diabetes. Therefore, during Ramadan, special attention should be paid to the management and guidance of fasting diabetic patients in order to improve patients’ self-management ability and quality of life.