不论从哲学理论上还是从艺术形式上考察,悲剧都是对现实人生苦难的关怀和反省。悲剧的精神意识包括悲剧性的生存意识、悲剧性的斗争意识、悲剧性的主体意识、悲剧性的激情与悲剧性的超越意识。悲剧的美学意义指向的是构筑一个充满对人性和苦难关怀的社会、一个真正充满自我反省和自我建设的全新的人生。 No matter from the philosophical theory or from the examination of the artistic form, tragedies are the concern and reflection on the real life suffering. Tragedy spirit consciousness includes tragedy consciousness of survival, tragedy sense of struggle, tragedy subject consciousness, tragic passion and tragedy transcendence consciousness. The aesthetic significance of tragedy points to building a society full of concern for human nature and misery, a completely new life full of self-examination and self-improvement.