中国城市工作贫困者问题主要是改革开放后就业方式变动、产业结构调整以及经济波动等原因造成的。目前城市工作贫困者群体主要包括农民工、下岗工人、低收入大学毕业生、单亲母亲、残疾人、其他生活成本过高或家庭负担过重者。这些人的群体特征、致贫原因等方面存在差异,并且金融危机对他们造成的影响也不一样。针对城市工作贫困者应实施积极的社会政策。积极社会政策应具有工作导向、人力资源开发和经济促进等方面的功能,主要包括积极的就业政策、积极的社会保障政策以及其他社会政策。 The problem of urban poor in China is mainly caused by changes in the employment patterns, industrial restructuring and economic fluctuations after the reform and opening up. At present, the urban work-poor groups mainly include migrant workers, laid-off workers, low-income college graduates, single mothers, disabled people, other people with high living costs or over-burdened families. The group characteristics of these people, causes of poverty and other differences exist, and the impact of the financial crisis on them is not the same. For urban poor people should implement a positive social policy. Positive social policies should have such functions as work orientation, human resources development and economic promotion. They include active employment policies, active social security policies and other social policies.