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目的了解四川省近年新报告1型艾滋病病毒(HIV-1)感染病例中,新发感染病例的流行特征及相关影响因素。方法收集2010-2014年各年第一季度,在四川省所有确证实验室检测确证为阳性的新报告病例的血清样本和相关信息,用BED发病捕获酶联免疫法(BED-CEIA)对血清样本进行检测,并根据社会人口学特征对新报告HIV病例及BED阳性病例分组并计算构成比,分析相关影响因素。结果 2010-2014年各年第一季度,四川省新报告病例9445例,新发感染病例(BED阳性)2222人,阳性率为23.53%。各年分别为1702、1403、1761、2011和2568例,BED阳性率分别为22.80%(388人)、23.88%(335人)、22.71%(400人)、22.53%(453人)和25.20%(646人)。各年新报告病例均主要为男性,汉族和彝族为主,教育程度为初中或以下为主。近年来,>50岁人群新报告病例比例呈现上升趋势,传播途径从2010年的注射毒品(48.11%)和性传播(46.83%)并行,到2014年以性传播为主(73.64%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(<20岁年龄组)、民族(彝族)和传播途径(男男性行为)均是新发感染的影响因素。结论四川省青年、老年人群、彝族以及男男性行为人群中,HIV感染状况十分严峻,且存在快速传播危险,应加大防控力度。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of newly infected cases of HIV-1 in Sichuan Province in recent years and the related influencing factors. Methods Serum samples and related information from newly reported cases confirmed positive by all confirmatory laboratories in Sichuan Province during the first quarter of each year of 2010-2014 were collected and analyzed by BED-ELISA method (BED-CEIA) According to the socio-demographic characteristics, newly reported HIV cases and BED-positive cases were divided into groups and their constituent ratios were calculated, and the related influencing factors were analyzed. Results In the first quarter of each year of 2010-2014, 9445 new cases were reported in Sichuan Province, and 2222 were newly infected cases (BED positive) with a positive rate of 23.53%. The positive rates of BED in each year were 1702,1403,1761,2011 and 2568 respectively, the positive rates of BED were 22.80% (388), 23.88% (335), 22.71% (400), 22.53% (453) and 25.20% (646 people). The newly reported cases in each year are mainly male, mainly Han and Yi nationality, and the education level is mainly junior high school or below. In recent years, the proportion of newly reported cases of patients aged> 50 years showed an upward trend. The route of transmission was from concurrent drug injections (48.11%) in 2010 to 46.83% in sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and mainly to sexual transmission in 2014 (73.64%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (<20 years old), ethnic (Yi) and transmission (men who have sex with men) were the influencing factors of new infections. Conclusion HIV infection is very serious among young people, elderly people, Yi people and men who have sex with men in Sichuan Province, and there is a danger of rapid transmission. Prevention and control should be strengthened.