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利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪和拉伸试验机研究了Q235钢表面剧烈压入形变诱发合金化的梯度组织结构对拉伸力学性能的影响。结果表明,采用剧烈压入形变能在低碳钢表面形成具有梯度组织结构的含Cr合金化层,形成的Cr合金化梯度组织的低碳钢拉伸力学性能明显增强,其抗拉强度最大提高约36 MPa,屈服强度最大提高约35 MPa,这是由于表面剧烈形变诱发大量晶体结构缺陷,这些缺陷促进Cr元素扩散,导致CrFe_4固溶增强和(Cr,Fe)_7C_3弥散增强。此外,相邻不同尺度的组织相互作用可提高应变硬化能力,而塑性下降甚微。
The effect of graded microstructure on the tensile properties of Q235 steel was studied by means of optical microscope, SEM, EDS, X-ray diffraction and tensile tester. The results show that the Cr-containing alloying layer with gradient structure can be formed on the surface of low carbon steel by intense press-in deformation, the tensile mechanical properties of low-carbon steel with Cr alloying gradient structure are obviously enhanced and the tensile strength is the highest About 36 MPa, the maximum yield strength increases about 35 MPa, which is due to the large surface deformation induced large number of crystal structure defects, these defects promote the diffusion of Cr elements, resulting in enhanced solid solution CrFe_4 and (Cr, Fe) _7C_3 dispersion enhanced. In addition, the tissue interaction at different scales adjacent to each other can increase the strain hardening ability, while the plasticity decreases only slightly.