例1,女,32岁。1986年9月入院。6岁时左耳后发现一硬结,压之耳道流脓,味臭,持续20年。1985年10月和1986年6月左耳后沟下方反复红肿流脓,在外院切开排脓和局部肉芽搔刮,但创口及外耳道经常排出脓液及干酪样物,经久不愈。检查:左耳后沟下方,下颌角后1cm 处2.5×1cm 瘘口,内有较多肉芽及少许脓性物,深约3.5cm,达乳突尖与外耳道底相通,鼓膜(-)。诊断为先天性第一鳃裂囊肿感染。入院后行第一鳃裂囊肿切除术,切除瘘口及局部肉芽组织,沿囊壁分离,见囊壁上部位于外耳道底,前与腮腺相近, Example 1, female, 32 years old. September 1986 admitted. 6-year-old left ear found after a hard knot, pressure ear canal pus, smell stinky for 20 years. In October 1985 and in June 1986, there was repeated emphysema and pus in the left posterior ditch of the left ear and incision and partial granulation scraping in the outpatient department. However, the wounds and external auditory meatus often discharge pus and cheese-like objects and prolonged unhealed healing. Check: below the left posterior groove, mandibular angle 1cm after 2.5 × 1cm fistula, there are more granulation and a little purulent material, deep about 3.5cm, up to reach the end of the mastoid tip of the external auditory canal, tympanic membrane (-). Diagnosis of congenital first branchial cleft cyst infection. After admission, the first branchial cleft cyst resection, resection of fistula and local granulation tissue, separation along the wall, see the upper wall of the wall at the end of the external auditory canal, parotid gland before the same,