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目的了解北京市密云区的鼠种构成及汉坦病毒(hantavirus,HV)自然感染状况,探索肾综合征出血热疫源地分布特征。方法采用夹夜法开展啮齿类动物监测,采集鼠肺样本及鼠血样本;采用间接免疫荧光法(IFA)检测汉坦病毒抗原及抗体。结果共捕获啮齿类动物9种400只,总捕获率为6.47%(400/6 180),其中社鼠(39.50%)和黑线姬鼠(24.00%)为优势鼠种;不同年度、地区捕获率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=88.69,P=0.00;χ~2=94.85,P=0.00)。HV抗原总阳性率为1.25%,HV抗原阳性样本分别为社鼠和黑线姬鼠,带毒率分别为2.53%、1.04%;HV抗体总阳性率为7.75%,HV抗体阳性样本分别为社鼠、黑线姬鼠和小家鼠,阳性率分别为12.66%、9.38%、5.88%。结论北京市密云区存在野鼠型HV自然疫源地,应进一步开展人群HV感染风险的相关研究。
Objective To understand the structure of murine species and the natural infection of hantavirus (HV) in Miyun District of Beijing and explore the distribution characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Methods The rodents were monitored with the method of nocturnal nocturnal emission. Rat lung samples and rat blood samples were collected. Indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) was used to detect Hantavirus antigens and antibodies. Results A total of 400 rodents were collected from 9 species, with a total catch rate of 6.47% (400/6 180). Among them, social mice (39.50%) and Apodemus agrarius (24.00%) were the dominant species. The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 88.69, P = 0.00; χ ~ 2 = 94.85, P = 0.00). The total positive rate of HV antigen was 1.25%. The HV antigen positive samples were Community and Apodemus, respectively, with the rates of 2.53% and 1.04%, respectively. The total positive rate of HV antibody was 7.75% Mice, Apodemus agrarius and Mus musculus, the positive rates were 12.66%, 9.38%, 5.88% respectively. Conclusion There are some wild type HV natural foci in Miyun District, Beijing, so it is necessary to carry out further researches on the risk of HV infection in the population.