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土体变形规律的研究经历了由线弹性到弹性非线性再到弹塑性的三个发展阶段，土的流变特性和应变软化特性的研究也取得了突破性的成果。本文在分析了土体变形的基本特性后，分别介绍了土体变形弹塑性、流变性和应变软化等方面土体变形的研究进展。
The study of soil deformation law has experienced three stages from linear elasticity to elastic nonlinearity to elastoplasticity. The rheological properties and strain softening properties of soils have also achieved breakthrough results. After analyzing the basic characteristics of soil deformation, this paper introduces the research progress of soil deformation in the aspects of elastoplasticity, rheology and strain softening.