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一、前言现在,世界上广泛开展将近缘异属植物的高度抗病基因,导入栽培作物的育种工作。尤其在普通小麦(以下简称小麦)的育种领域内,过去一直以具有抗病基因的异属植物如黑麦、山羊草、冰草等为对象进行属间杂交。但是,由于小麦染色体组与异属植物染色体组的异质性,用单纯的属间杂交的效果不大,很难达到育种目标,这就认识到染色体选择的重要性,解决这个问题的方法:(1) 第一步的目标是选择具有异属染色体的添加型小麦,第二步是用放射线诱发两属染色体间易位,以及通过与小麦5B染色体
I. Introduction Nowadays, the world has extensively carried out the breeding of highly resistant genes that will bring together heterologous plants into the cultivated crops. Especially in the field of breeding of common wheat (hereinafter referred to as wheat), in the past, heterologous plants having resistance genes such as rye, goat grass, ice grass and the like have been subjected to inter-genal hybridization. However, due to the heterogeneity of the genomes of wheat genomes and heterologous plant genomes, it is difficult to achieve the breeding goal by using simple interspecific hybridization. This realizes the importance of chromosome selection and the solution to this problem. (1) The goal of the first step is to select for the addition of wheat with heterochromatic chromosomes. The second step is to induce the inter-chromosomal translocation by radiation,