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新生儿因种种原因而引起肾功不全,如能很好管理可不出现重症水肿而治愈。实际上水肿经常出现,对其原因及处理简述如下。近年来由于对新生儿建立NICU,重症新生儿亦能长时间生存,这类新生儿常可以见到肾功能不全。表现尿量减少和尿素氮及肌酐升高。因此有下列情况时应予怀疑:(1)尿量在1ml/kg/h以下,(2)尿素氮>20mg％,(3)血清肌酐>1.0mg％,(4)血尿。新生儿急性肾功能不全有肾前性、肾性及肾后性。肾前性的原因:(1)血容量减少:如出血、脱水、败血症。(2)其它原因的肾灌注不足,如缺氧,RDS、充血性心力衰竭、休克。
Neonatal renal insufficiency due to various reasons, such as management can not be severe edema and cure. In fact edema often appear, the reason and treatment outlined below. In recent years due to the establishment of NICU for newborns, severe neonatal also can survive for a long time, such newborns can often see renal insufficiency. Decreased urine output and elevated urea nitrogen and creatinine. Therefore, the following situations should be suspected: (1) urine output in 1ml / kg / h or less, (2) urea nitrogen> 20mg%, (3) serum creatinine> 1.0mg%, (4) hematuria. Neonatal acute renal failure with prerenal, renal and renal sex. Causes of prerenal: (1) reduced blood volume: such as bleeding, dehydration, sepsis. (2) other causes of renal hypoperfusion, such as hypoxia, RDS, congestive heart failure, shock.