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在孕期进行免疫接种可保护孕妇、胎儿及婴儿免受可通过疫苗预防的疾病之苦。母体中的免疫球蛋白G可穿过胎盘进行主动转运,在新生儿和婴幼儿中对疫苗的主动免疫发挥效益之前,为其提供被动免疫保护。目前,推荐为孕妇接种流感灭活疫苗、破伤风类毒素和无细胞百日咳疫苗。同时也对其他几种疫苗,包括肺炎球菌疫苗、B型链球菌疫苗、b型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗和脑膜炎球菌疫苗在孕期的免疫效力进行了研究,研究发现其在孕妇体内均有安全性和免疫原性,并可为婴儿提供有效的抗体保护。其他疫苗,例如呼吸道合胞病毒、单纯疱疹病毒、巨细胞病毒疫苗也具有潜在的发展为孕妇免疫接种疫苗的优势。
Immunization during pregnancy protects pregnant women, fetuses and infants from diseases that are vaccine-preventable. The maternally-derived immunoglobulin G, which is actively transported across the placenta, provides passive immunization protection to newborns and infants before they benefit from active immunization of the vaccine. At present, it is recommended that pregnant women be vaccinated against influenza, tetanus toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine. At the same time, several other vaccines, including pneumococcal vaccine, B streptococcal vaccine, Haemophilus influenzae type b and meningococcal vaccine immunization efficacy during pregnancy were studied and found that they are safe in pregnant women in vivo And immunogenicity, and can provide effective antibody protection for infants. Other vaccines, such as respiratory syncytial virus, herpes simplex virus, and cytomegalovirus vaccines also have the potential to develop the benefits of immunization for pregnant women.