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目的调查合肥地区育龄妇女乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染状况,分析其分布特征,为防治乙型肝炎提供依据。方法选择在合肥市妇幼保健院体检的年龄在18～48岁的育龄妇女15 210例,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对其进行乙肝感染指标检测。结果合肥地区育龄妇女HB-sAg阳性率为9.717%,农村妇女HBsAg阳性率(16.612%)明显高于城市妇女(6.434%),育龄妇女在年龄、城乡之间差异有统计学意义;共检测出乙肝五项感染模式22种。结论应加强育龄妇女健康知识特别是乙肝知识的教育、防治项目宣传,对易感的女童和育龄妇女进行乙肝疫苗接种,对育龄妇女进行HBV感染筛查、管理和监测,建立完善的围产期保健制度,打破乙肝病毒的母婴垂直传播链。
Objective To investigate the status of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among women of childbearing age in Hefei and to analyze the distribution characteristics of Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Methods A total of 15 210 women of childbearing age aged 18-48 years who were examined in Hefei Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled. The indexes of hepatitis B infection were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The positive rate of HBsAg in women of childbearing age in Hefei was 9.717%. The positive rate of HBsAg in rural women (16.612%) was significantly higher than that of urban women (6.434%). There was a significant difference in age, Hepatitis B five infection patterns 22 species. Conclusion The education of women of childbearing age, especially knowledge of hepatitis B, the publicity of prevention and treatment projects should be strengthened, hepatitis B vaccine should be given to susceptible girls and women of childbearing age, HBV infection screening, management and monitoring should be established for women of childbearing age, and the perinatal period should be established Health care system, breaking the chain of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in maternal and child.