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本文利用1951年1月到1980年12月赤道东太平洋0°—10°S,180°—90°W海温(SST~*)与北半球500毫巴月平均图。研究了SST~*本身变化的规律,及其与低纬大气环流,特别与副热带高压的关系。 结果表明,SST~*的异常与季节有密切关系,下半年年际变化大,而且容易出现高温,这与爱尔·尼诺现象经常出现在年末有关。SST~*异常的发展过程一般约一年左右,自3月左右开始到翌年3月左右结束。SST~*偏低时反爱尔·尼诺现象的变化过程与之相似。 SST~*与低纬(10°—25°N)500毫巴高度(HL)有密切关系,但有一定时滞,HL落后于SST~*3个月时相关最大(0.55)。西太平洋副高强度、面积、西伸脊点、北界、脊线等对SST~*有4—8个月落后相关。这种现象可能与赤道洋流自东向西的运动有关。
In this paper, monthly mean SST ~ * values of 0 ° -10 ° S and 180 ° -90 ° W over the equatorial eastern Pacific from January 1951 to December 1980 were compared with those of the northern hemisphere at 500 mbars. The change rule of SST * * was studied and its relationship with the low-latitude atmospheric circulation, especially the subtropical high. The results show that the anomaly of SST ~ * is closely related to the seasons, the interannual variation in the second half of the year is large, and the high temperature is apt to occur. This phenomenon is related to the fact that the El Nino phenomenon often appears at the end of the year. The development process of SST ~ * anomaly generally takes about one year, starting from around March and ending in March next year. The process of changing the anti-Algerian Nino phenomenon is similar when SST ~ * is low. SST ~ * is closely related to HL (500 mbar) at low latitudes (10 ° -25 ° N), but has a certain time lag. HL is the highest (0.55) when it lags behind SST ~ * 3 months. The western Pacific subtropical high strength, area, west stretch ridge point, north boundary, ridge line and so on SST ~ * have 4-8 months backward correlation. This phenomenon may be related to the movement of the equatorial ocean from east to west.