瘙痒是慢性肾功衰竭病人主要的皮肤并发症,其部位可局限在肢体或躯干,也可泛发。透析治疗有的可止痒,有的则否,约有30%或更多的尿毒症病人,在接受慢性血透析治疗的任何时候都伴有瘙痒。引起尿毒性瘙痒的原因尚不明,有人认为是尿素结晶或毒素如胍基琥珀酸,甲基胍,甲基脲和酚沉着在皮下组织所致。这些毒素分子量小,能被透析,按理说经充分透析后瘙痒不应再发生,但在充分透析的尿毒症病人中有些病人仍然瘙痒,因此这些观点尚不能得到支持。Kleeman等提出钙的沉 Pruritus is a major skin complication in patients with chronic renal failure. The site of the pruritus can be confined to the body or trunk, but it can also occur. Some dialysis treatment can itch, while others do not. About 30% or more of uremic patients, at any time after receiving chronic hemodialysis treatment are associated with itching. The cause of uremic pruritus is unknown, some believe it to be caused by crystallization of urea or toxins such as guanidylsuccinate, methylguanidine, methylurea and phenols deposited on the skin. These toxins, which have a low molecular weight and can be dialyzed, are arguably not to recur after adequate dialysis but are still not supported in some of the well-hemodialysis uremic patients who are still itchy. Kleeman et al proposed calcium sink