论文部分内容阅读
对环渤海湾地区三省204个主要梨园养分投入和土壤养分含量状况进行了研究,结果表明:(1)该区域主要梨园土壤有机质平均含量为17.1 g kg-1,其中,辽宁省主要梨园土壤有机质平均含量为22.9 g kg-1,山东和河北省主要梨园土壤有机质平均含量<20 g kg-1,<10 g kg-1的梨园分别占13%和25%。该地区梨园土壤碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾平均含量为70.0 mg kg-1、63.1 mg kg-1和175.9 mg kg-1,速效磷含量普遍较高,存在不同程度积累现象。梨园土壤酸化现象明显,50%以上的梨园土壤pH<6.0,以辽宁省梨园土壤pH平均值最低。(2)土壤养分质量综合评价结果表明,环渤海湾地区的辽宁省梨园土壤养分水平最高,河北省最低。土壤有机质、碱解氮和pH值是该地区主要梨园土壤养分质量的限制因子。(3)山东省主要梨园氮、磷(P2O5)、钾(K2O)养分总投入量分别为968 kg hm-2、441 kg hm-2和523 kg hm-2,且以化肥养分投入为主。河北省养分投入状况与山东省相似。山东和辽宁省梨园化肥施用以三元复合肥为主,分别占94%和66%,河北省施用的尿素占化肥总量的77%。
The results showed as follows: (1) The average content of soil organic matter in the main pear orchards was 17.1 g kg-1 in the three regions of the Bohai Gulf. Among them, the contents of soil organic matter The average content was 22.9 g kg-1. The average content of soil organic matter was less than 20 g kg-1 in main pear orchards in Shandong and Hebei Provinces. The orchards with <10 g kg-1 accounted for 13% and 25% respectively. The average contents of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in pear orchards in the area were 70.0 mg kg-1, 63.1 mg kg-1 and 175.9 mg kg-1, respectively. The content of available phosphorus was generally high, and accumulated in different degrees. Soil acidification was obvious in pear orchard, more than 50% of the soil in the pear orchard was less than 6.0, and the soil pH in Liaoning pear province was the lowest. (2) The comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrient quality showed that the soil nutrient level of pear orchard in Liaoning Province was the highest in Bohai Bay Region, and the lowest in Hebei Province. Soil organic matter, available nitrogen, and pH are the limiting factors of soil nutrient quality in the main pear orchards in the area. (3) The total nutrient inputs of P2O5 and K2O in main pear orchards in Shandong province were 968 kg hm-2,441 kg hm-2 and 523 kg hm-2, respectively. Hebei Province, similar to the state of Shandong Province. Fertilizer application in Shandong and Liaoning Liyuan was dominated by ternary compound fertilizers, accounting for 94% and 66% respectively, while urea used in Hebei Province accounted for 77% of total fertilizers.