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对某铅锌矿区土壤的铅、镉、锌、铜和镍的污染特征进行了研究。结果表明,5种重金属的污染程度依次为:镉>铅>锌>镍>铜,其中铅、镉和锌的浓度超过了国家土壤环境质量标准Ⅲ的浓度限值。土壤受镉污染极大,受锌污染中度至严重,受铅污染严重至极严重。BCR顺序提取形态分析结果表明,活性镉、铅和锌的含量较高,可能对土壤中的植物生长产生不利影响,而铜和镍以相对稳定的形式存在。潜在生态危害结果表明,镉污染导致土壤潜在着极大的生态风险,应当引起重视。
The pollution characteristics of lead, cadmium, zinc, copper and nickel in a lead-zinc mining area were studied. The results showed that the pollution levels of five kinds of heavy metals were as follows: Cd> Pb> Zn> Ni> Cu. The concentrations of Pb, Cd and Zn exceeded the national limits of soil environmental quality Ⅲ. The soil is heavily polluted by cadmium, moderately to severely polluted by zinc, and seriously polluted by lead. BCR sequential extraction morphological analysis showed that high levels of active Cd, Pb and Zn may have an adverse effect on plant growth in the soil, while copper and nickel are present in relatively stable forms. Potential ecological risk results show that cadmium pollution leads to soil potential ecological risk, deserve attention.