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铸造作业是制造业的基础,从业人员多、产量大。我国铸造作业环境和作业条件亟待改善和提高,铸造作业存在多种职业性有害因素,可导致多种职业病。尤其是,铸造作业是国际癌症中心确定的致癌(肺癌)作业。国家推行绿色铸造企业,倡导从铸造大国走向铸造强国,积极促进铸造产业更新换代。基于此,2014年6月,卫生计生委通告发布国家职业卫生标准GBZ/T 251-2014《汽车铸造作业职业危害预防控制指南》,于2014年12月正式实施。该标准具有预防性、综合性、系统性、可操作性,为用人单位提供了一个从职业卫生管理体系建立,到职业危害风险评估、风险管理与控制的全过程管理范例。
Foundry operations are the foundations of manufacturing, employing more people and producing more output. China’s casting operating environment and working conditions need to be improved and improved, casting a variety of occupational hazards exist, can lead to a variety of occupational diseases. In particular, foundry operations are carcinogenic (lung cancer) operations defined by the International Cancer Center. Countries promote the green foundry business, advocated from foundry power to foundry power, and actively promote the upgrading of foundry industry. Based on this, in June 2014, the Health and Family Planning Commission announced the release of the National Occupational Health Standard GBZ / T 251-2014 “Guidance on Prevention and Control of Occupational Hazards in Automotive Foundry Operations” which was implemented in December 2014. The standard is prophylactic, comprehensive, systematic and operable. It provides an employer with a whole process management paradigm from the establishment of a occupational health management system to the risk assessment of occupational hazards, risk management and control.