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目的：描述我国六地区四种特殊职业人群的饮酒情况及与饮酒相关问题发生率，并与普通人群相比较。方法：抽样调查，使用定式问卷及ＤＳＭ－ＩＩ－Ｒ诊断标准向９８００名受试者（１８－６５岁）调查饮酒情况、饮酒相关的社会、心理和躯体问题。结果：男女及总饮酒率分别为８６．２％、４４．１％和７４．１％，年平均饮酒量分别为８．２５、０．５６及６．００升纯酒精。酒依赖的男性、女性和总的时点患病率分别为１０．５４５％、０．１４１％和７．５６１％，急性酒中毒的半年患病率分别为７．９１６％、０．０７１％和５．６６８％。与普通人群相比，四种特殊职业人群的饮酒率、年饮酒量和与饮酒相关的损害均较高。结论：职业环境是影响饮酒的重要因素之一，处于特殊环境的人群是出现酒问题的高危人群。
Objective: To describe the drinking situation and the incidence of drinking-related problems in four special occupational groups in six regions of China and to compare with the general population. METHODS: A sample survey of 9800 subjects (18-65 years old) using the questionnaire and the DSM-II-R diagnostic criteria was used to investigate alcohol consumption, social, psychological and physical problems associated with drinking. Results: The total alcohol consumption rates for men and women were 86.2%, 44.1% and 74.1% respectively. The average annual alcohol consumption was 8.25, 0.56 and 6.00 liters of pure alcohol. The prevalence of alcohol dependence in men, women and the total time point were 10.545%, 0.141% and 7.561% respectively. The six-month prevalence rates of acute alcoholism were 7.916% and 0.071% And 5.668%. Compared with the general population, the drinking rates of four special occupational groups, annual alcohol consumption and drinking-related damage were higher. Conclusion: The occupational environment is one of the important factors affecting alcohol consumption. People in special environment are the high risk groups with wine problems.