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目的:了解武汉市硚口区儿童结核病的自然感染情况及卡介苗接种质量,为改善儿童结核病防控工作提供依据。方法:整群抽取武汉市硚口区2个社区内3个月~15岁的儿童进行结核菌素试验(PPD),并询问卡介苗接种史和查验卡痕。结果:该区儿童PPD阳性率为57.35%,中度阳性率和强阳性率分别为16.91%、3.68%,卡介苗接种率为97.06%,卡痕阳性率为65.05%。不同年龄段间的PPD阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.70,P=0.034),4岁~年龄段儿童的阳性率最低;6岁以下儿童卡痕阳性者高于卡痕阴性者(χ2=7.18,P=0.023);PPD中度以上阳性的卡痕直径分别明显高于PPD阴性与一般阳性的儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:该区儿童结核病的流行情况不容忽视,应及时采取有针对性的措施,重点关注新生儿的有效免疫接种和学龄期儿童的结核菌素试验复查工作,以加强对儿童结核病的预防和控制。
Objective: To understand the natural infection of tuberculosis in children and the quality of BCG vaccination in Yongkou District, Wuhan City, and to provide basis for the prevention and control of childhood tuberculosis. Methods: Tuberculin test (PPD) was conducted in two groups of 3 months to 15 years old in 2 communities in Yi kou district of Wuhan city, and BCG inoculation history and check card mark were also investigated. Results: The positive rate of PPD in children in this area was 57.35%. The positive rate and strong positive rate of PPD in this area were 16.91% and 3.68% respectively. The BCG vaccination rate was 97.06% and the positive rate of kappa marks was 65.05%. The positive rate of PPD in different age groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 9.70, P = 0.034), and the positive rate was the lowest in children aged 4 ~ = 7.18, P = 0.023). The diameters of moderately positive PPDs were significantly higher in children with PPD than those with negative PPD (P <0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of tuberculosis in children in this area should not be neglected. Targeted measures should be taken in time to focus on the effective immunization of newborns and the review of tuberculin test in school-aged children in order to strengthen the prevention and control of tuberculosis in children .