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目的分析贵州省麻疹减毒活疫苗(MV)强化免疫效果,探讨加速控制麻疹策略。方法综合分析强化免疫接种率、人群抗体水平和麻疹监测系统资料。结果MV强化免疫共接种目标儿童8 611 528人,报告接种率和快速评估接种率均>95%,免疫后人群麻疹IgG抗体阳性率、几何平均滴度显著升高,麻疹发病率较强化免疫前下降98%。<5岁和<1岁病例构成比相对增加,2006年占总病例数的80.8%、37.0%,病例中81.9%无MV免疫史或免疫史不详,报告病例中约1/3是风疹。结论贵州省MV强化免疫效果显著,高质量强化免疫是迅速控制麻疹流行、降低麻疹发病率的重要措施。为保持MV强化免疫取得的成果,必须提高常规免疫接种率,加强入托、入学查验预防接种证制度,使漏种儿童得到补种,同时在强化免疫后3~4年考虑开展MV后续免疫。
Objective To analyze the effect of live attenuated measles vaccine (MV) in Guizhou province on enhancing immunity and to explore the strategy of accelerating the control of measles. Methods Comprehensive analysis of intensive immunization coverage, population antibody levels and measles surveillance system data. Results The number of target children was 8 611 528. The reported vaccination rate and rapid vaccination rate were> 95%. The positive rate of measles IgG antibody and the geometric mean titer of immunized people were significantly higher than those before immunization Down 98%. The proportion of patients aged <5 years and <1 years old was relatively increased, accounting for 80.8% and 37.0% of the total number of cases in 2006 and 81.9% of cases without or with unknown history of immunization. About 1/3 of the reported cases were rubella. Conclusion The results of intensive immunization with MV in Guizhou Province are significant. High-quality intensive immunization is an important measure to control the epidemic of measles quickly and reduce the incidence of measles. In order to maintain the success of MV, it is necessary to increase the routine immunization coverage rate, strengthen the vaccination certificate system for nursery and entrance examination, so that missed children can be replanted, and MV follow-up immunization should be considered 3-4 years after boosting.