因自然条件限制,西瓜常规栽培,供应期偏短,不能满足市场需要。大拱棚西瓜能将市场供应期提前至4月中旬,经济效益显著,已在山东、北京、河北等地大面积推广,其主要栽培技术如下:一、选择品种为提早上市,宜选用寿山、京欣1号、郑杂九号等品质好、耐贮运的早熟品种。二、育苗栽培设施1.育苗设施一般在无后坡单斜面加温日光温室内进行,温室东西向,南北跨度8.2m,墙体厚1m,高1.8m,南北向三排立柱,东西向40m 长,可育10亩地西瓜苗,加温用燃煤炉,在后墙内侧用烟道排放煤烟,一般在阴雪天或晚上进行,棚体用无滴膜覆盖,10天保持25～30℃。2.栽培设施因地设计四、五、六、七排立柱(指纵剖面立柱数)的大拱棚。三、整地施肥结合建棚,整地做成宽80cm,深40cm 的沟,沟间距220cm,整好后,在沟内每亩集中施优质有机肥8000～10000kg,二胺50kg,硫酸钾30kg,混匀。四、育苗嫁接 Due to natural conditions, watermelon conventional cultivation, short supply period, can not meet the needs of the market. Great Shed watermelon can advance the market supply period to mid-April, significant economic benefits, has been in Shandong, Beijing, Hebei and other places large-scale promotion, the main cultivation techniques are as follows: First, the selection of varieties for early listing, should use Shoushan, Beijing Xin 1, Zheng hybrid No. 9, such as good quality, storage and transportation of precocious varieties. Second, nursery and cultural facilities 1. Nursery facilities generally without back slope single slope heating solar greenhouse, greenhouse east-west, north-south span of 8.2m, wall thickness 1m, height 1.8m, north-south three rows of columns, east-west 40m Long, fertile 10 acres of watermelon seedlings, heating with a coal-fired stove, the inner wall of the rear wall with the flue gas emissions, usually in the snowy or night, shed with drip film cover, 10 days to maintain 25 ~ 30 ° C. 2. Cultivation facilities due to design four, five, six, seven rows of columns (referring to longitudinal section column number) arch studio. Three, soil preparation and fertilizer combined with shed, soil preparation made wide 80cm, deep 40cm ditch, ditch spacing 220cm, after the good, concentrated in the ditch concentrated high-quality organic fertilizer 8000 ~ 10000kg, diamine 50kg, potassium sulfate 30kg, mixed uniform. Four, nursery grafting