目的:评价窄直径种植体(直径3 mm～3.5mm)用于种植修复上颌中切牙缺失的并发症和美学效果。方法:选择37例牙槽嵴厚度在4.5mm～6mm的上颌中切牙缺失患者采用窄直径种植体(3.0 mm～3.5mm))进行种植修复,计算其骨结合的成功率,随访其机械并发症的发生情况及美学修复效果的变化,并进行原因分析。结果:共有49颗上颌中切牙采用窄直径种植体进行修复,47颗种植体成功地发生了骨结合,其骨结合的成功率为95.9%。平均随访14.9个月,在复查期内没有种植体及其部件折裂等机械并发症发生,除了2例患者发生了种周炎外,其它种植体颈部牙槽骨水平稳定。讨论:在牙槽骨条件局限的上颌中切牙缺失患者中使用窄直径种植体有效地减小了种植体粗糙面暴露的几率,为骨结合的长期稳定打下了基础。同时因切牙所承受的咬合负荷明显低于后牙,在完善调合的前提下,种植体、基台和螺丝折断等与种植体直径相关的机械并发症的发生未见明显增加。结论:窄直径种植体可以成功地用于牙槽突厚度在5mm左右的上颌中切牙牙列缺损的美学修复。 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the complications and aesthetic effects of narrow diameter implants (diameter 3 mm to 3.5 mm) for implants to repair maxillary central incisors. Methods: Thirty-seven patients with maxillary central incisor missing from 4.5 mm to 6 mm in thickness of the alveolar ridge were implanted with narrow diameter implants (3.0 mm to 3.5 mm). The successful rate of the osseointegration was calculated. The mechanical complications Occurrence of the disease and aesthetic changes in the repair effect, and analysis of the causes. Results: A total of 49 maxillary central incisors were repaired with narrow diameter implants, and 47 implants successfully achieved osseointegration with a success rate of 95.9%. With an average follow-up of 14.9 months, no mechanical complications such as fracture of the implant and its components occurred during the review period. Except for 2 weeks of peri-implantitis, the level of alveolar bone in the neck of other implants was stable. Discussion: The use of narrow diameter implants in patients with maxillary central incisor missing localized to the alveolar bone effectively reduces the risk of exposure to the rough surface of the implant, laying the foundation for the long-term stability of the osseointegration. At the same time, the occlusal load suffered by incisors was significantly lower than that of posterior teeth. No significant increase was found in the mechanical complications related to the diameter of implants, such as implants, abutments and screws, under the premise of perfect blending. CONCLUSIONS: Narrow diameter implants can be successfully used for aesthetic restoration of maxillary central incisor dentition defects with a thickness of about 5 mm.