【编者按】在中国快速崛起和国际与地区地缘战略格局相应出现显著变化的大背景下,南中国海(以下简称“南海”)问题已成为中国对外战略和国际关系研究领域广为关注的课题,甚至有成为一门“显学”之势。其原因显而易见。首先,中国崛起,从大战略视野来看,一个重要的维度是走向海洋,而南海是中国海洋战略前出的一个最重要方向。其次,中国与东南亚海洋国家之间的南海岛礁主权与海洋权益争端,在外部力量的介入和推动下,近期以来不断发酵升温,致使南海问题可能成为一个掣肘中国周边外交以及中国和平发展大战略的重要的消极因素。最后,中外学术界从一种简化主义的历史类比出发,奢谈中美战略竞争的可能的“修昔底德陷阱”趋势,进而将南海问题视为中美“安全 Editor’s note: With the rapid rise of China and the corresponding drastic changes in international and regional geostrategic structures, the issue of the South China Sea (hereinafter referred to as the ”South China Sea“) has become a topic of concern for China in the field of foreign strategy and international relations The subject, and even has become a ”significant study “ trend. The reason is obvious. First of all, from the perspective of grand strategy, an important dimension of China’s rise is toward the oceans. The South China Sea is one of the most important directions for China’s maritime strategy. Second, under the intervention and promotion of external forces, the dispute over the sovereignty and maritime rights and interests of the South China Sea islands between China and the Southeast Asian maritime countries has been heated and heated recently. As a result, the issue of the South China Sea may become an obstacle to China’s peripheral diplomacy and China’s grand strategy of peace and development The important negative factor. Finally, starting from a simplistic analogy of history, the Chinese and foreign academic circles talk about the possible ”Thucydides Trap" trend of strategic competition between China and the United States, and further regard the South China Sea issue as a Sino-American security