利奈唑胺为噁唑烷酮类抗菌药,主要用于甲氧西林耐药葡萄球菌属、肠球菌属等多重耐药革兰阳性菌感染。临床严重不良反应发生率较高的为血小板计数减少。由于利奈唑胺致血小板计数减少的判断标准不一,文献报道的发生率差异较大。利奈唑胺致血小板计数减少的发生机制可能为骨髓抑制或免疫介导。引起血小板计数减少的危险因素为高龄、低基础血小板计数、肾功能不全及长时间使用等。其防治措施为用药期间监测血小板计数;避免长时间应用;避免与可引起血小板计数减少的药物联用;出现血小板计数减少应停药,严重者可输注血小板等。 Linezolid is oxazolidinone antibacterial drugs, mainly for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus, enterococci and other multi-drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. The incidence of clinically serious adverse reactions for the reduction of platelet count. Because of linezolid reduction of platelet counts to reduce the different standards, the incidence of reported differences in the larger. The mechanism of linezolid reduction of platelet count may be myelosuppression or immune-mediated. The risk factors for reduction in platelet count were advanced age, low basal platelet count, renal insufficiency and long-term use. The prevention and treatment measures for the monitoring of platelet count during medication; to avoid long-term use; avoidable and reduce the platelet count can cause drugs; platelet count reduction should be discontinued, severe cases can be transfused platelets.