海啸是如何形成的?地震震级、地质断层错动方式、震源深度,是触发海啸的主要因素。科学界认为,震级达到里氏6.5级以上才可能触发海啸。就断层错动方式来说,垂直错动易触发海啸,因为断层强烈的垂直上下运动会带动地面和海面产生强烈浪涌,从而使震荡波以不断扩大的圆圈形式向远距离扩散。易触发海啸的震源深度通常为40千米至50千米,这一条件下,地震波的扩散和影响范围较大,触发海啸的可能性相应增 How the tsunami was formed? The magnitude of the earthquake, the dislocation of the geological fault and the depth of the focal point were the main factors that triggered the tsunami. The scientific community believes it is possible to trigger a tsunami when the magnitude reaches 6.5 on the Richter scale. In the case of fault dislocation, vertical dislocation tends to trigger a tsunami because a strong vertical up-and-down movement of the fault causes strong surges in the ground and sea surface, allowing the shock wave to spread to distant locations in an ever-expanding circle. The focal depth of an easily triggered tsunami usually ranges from 40 km to 50 km. Under this condition, the spread and influence range of seismic waves is large, and the possibility of triggering a tsunami increases correspondingly