Hasner(1859)首次报告外伤性下直肌断裂以来,相继又报告32例。本病术前诊断困难,通常于手术探查后诊断。本文报告一例男性患者,外伤后根据下睑退缩诊断下直肌断裂。这对外伤性下直肌断裂和继发于眼眶骨折后下直肌麻痹的鉴别有重要意义。本病还伴有 Hasner (1859) first reported traumatic inferior rectus muscle rupture, have reported 32 cases in succession. The diagnosis of this disease is difficult, usually after the surgical exploration diagnosis. This article reports a male patient who was diagnosed with a rectus muscle rupture on the basis of a lower eyelid withdrawal after trauma. This traumatic inferior rectus muscle rupture and secondary to orbital fractures of the inferior rectus muscle paralysis of great significance. The disease is accompanied by