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近年来随着海上石油开采和船舶运输业的发展,在进行石油开采和运输过程中难免发生石油溢出造成污染海面的事故。为了减少和清除海面油污,保护海洋环境,许多国家都在积极寻求和发展海面围油、收集和清除的手段与技术。目前,各类围油栏、撇油器、扫油臂和浮油回收装置已在一些国家的港湾、石油钻井平台得到配备和使用,各种消油剂、凝聚剂和吸油材料得到相应发展。一些国家正在研究利用生物方法来清除海面溢油和石油污染,并已
In recent years, with the development of offshore oil exploration and shipping industry, it is inevitable that oil spill will pollute the sea surface in the course of oil exploration and transportation. In order to reduce and eliminate oil pollution on the sea surface and protect the marine environment, many countries are actively seeking and developing means and technologies for oil gathering and removal of the sea surface. At present, all kinds of oil booms, skimmers, oil sweeping arms and oil recovery units have been equipped and used in harbor and oil drilling platforms in some countries. Various oil dispersants, coagulants and oil absorbing materials have been developed accordingly. Some countries are studying the use of biological methods for the removal of oil spills and oil pollution from the sea and have already