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目的 观察哮喘患儿痰液细胞在病程不同时相的动态变化 ,探讨其在哮喘发病中的作用。方法 收集 2 5例哮喘患儿发作之初、病情好转以及病情缓解时期的痰液 ,比较哮喘病程不同时相之间以及不同时相与 10例正常儿童之间痰液细胞成分的差异。结果 哮喘急性发作初期痰液脱落上皮细胞明显增多 ,嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞与正常对照无明显差别 ;随着病情好转 ,脱落上皮细胞数显著下降 ,而嗜酸性粒细胞数和(或 )中性粒细胞数显著升高 ,淋巴细胞与正常对照仍无明显差别 ;当病情缓解时 ,脱落上皮细胞的数量接近正常对照 ,嗜酸性粒细胞和 (或 )中性粒细胞数也显著下降 ,而淋巴细胞明显增多。结论 上皮细胞脱落可能与哮喘急性发作有关 ;嗜酸性粒细胞或中性粒细胞除造成上皮细胞脱落外 ,可能还发挥促上皮细胞再生的有益作用 ,有助于病情的恢复 ;淋巴细胞可能在维持哮喘慢性气道炎症中发挥作用。
Objective To observe the dynamic changes of sputum cells in asthmatic children at different phases of disease course and to explore its role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Methods Twenty-five asthmatic children were collected at the beginning of the attack, their condition was improved and the sputum was taken during the remission. The differences in sputum cell components between 10 and normal children were compared between different phases of asthma course and at different phases. Results In the early stage of acute asthma, sputum exfoliated epithelial cells were significantly increased, while eosinophils, neutrophils and lymphocytes were not significantly different from normal controls. As the disease progressed, the number of shedding epithelial cells decreased significantly, while the number of eosinophils And / or neutrophils increased significantly, lymphocytes and normal control still no significant difference; when the disease remission, the number of shedding epithelial cells close to the normal control, eosinophils and (or) neutrophil count Also significantly decreased, while significantly increased lymphocytes. Conclusion Epithelial cells shedding may be related to acute asthma attack. Eosinophils or neutrophils in addition to causing epithelial cells to shed may also play a beneficial role in promoting epidermal cell regeneration, contribute to the recovery of the disease; lymphocytes may maintain Asthma Chronic airway inflammation plays a role.