1994年Zhang等应用定向克隆法首次从肥胖和糖耐量异常的动物ob／ob小鼠中成功克隆出肥胖基因(obese gene,ob基因)和人类的同源序列,人与小鼠间ob基因的编码序列同源性高达84％,基因的高同源性提示ob基因及其表达产物功能的高度保守性。1995年Halaas等应用DNA 重组技术,由大肠杆菌合成了人和小鼠ob基因的表达产物, 因其基本作用能使动物体重降低而变瘦,故被命名为瘦素 (leptin)。现已发现,瘦素除刺激下丘脑调节脂肪代谢外,还作用于神经、心脏、肾脏、肺、肝脏、脂肪组织和胰岛细胞,具有广泛的生理调控作用。近年的一些临床和实验研究 In 1994, Zhang et al. Successfully cloned the obese gene (ob gene) and the human homologous sequence from ob / ob mice with obesity and impaired glucose tolerance using directional cloning method for the first time. The homology of the coding sequence is as high as 84%. The high homology of the gene indicates that the ob gene and its expression product function are highly conserved. In 1995, Halaas et al. Applied DNA recombination technology to synthesize the expression products of human and mouse ob genes from Escherichia coli. Because of its basic function, animals can lose body weight and become thin, so they are named as leptin. It has been found that leptin not only stimulates the hypothalamus to regulate fat metabolism, but also acts on nerves, heart, kidney, lung, liver, adipose tissue and islet cells with extensive physiological regulation. In recent years, some clinical and experimental research