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针对有广泛应用前景的矩形充气膜建筑，利用火灾动态模拟软件FDS，模拟其用于公共建筑时的火灾温度场分布特性和烟气流动规律，为人员安全疏散和进一步结构力学性能研究提供依据。温度场模拟结果表明：疏散门和风扇打开可有效降低室内及膜面热环境温度，结构不易发生倒塌破坏，且通风口位置对膜面温度有一定影响。由烟气流动规律可知：通风口打开，热烟气非均匀下降，垂直平面内无明显层状分布特性，室内能见度迅速降低；通风口位置对风扇口附近及火源周边水平烟气流动有较大影响。“,”FDS( Fire Dynamics Simulator ) is used to simulate the fire temperature field characteristics and smoke flow of the rectangular plan air-supported membrane structure which has abroad application in public buildings and plants.That provides the basis for the further study on performances of structural safety and safety evacuation . According to the temperature field results , the temperature indoors as well as on the membrane surface can be reduced effectively when the evacuation door and the fan are open .Moreover the structure does not collapse easily .Air vent position has some influence on membrane surface temperature .The results of smoke flow show that smoke layer declines unevenly and the laminar characteristic is not obvious in vertical plane when the vent is opened .Besides , indoor visibility reduces rapidly .Air vent position has great impact on the horizontal smoke flow where is near to the fan and fire source .