Introduction: Exosomes are small membrane vesicles abundant in plasma.Exosomes are important in cell-to-cell communication and may play a role in HIV diseas
Introduction: Mucosal infiltration of macrophages with compromised phagocytic activity has been implicated in local inflammation and damage of intestinal ba
Infection of Indian-origin rhesus macaques(RM)with simian immunodeficiency virus(SIV)or simian-HIV(SHIV)provided useful tools for HIV/AIDS research.Given AI
Introduction: HIV-induced chronic immune activation contributes to CD4+ T ceils depletion and drives progression to HIV disease.However,the direct causal li
Bluetongue virus(BTV),a nonenveloped double-stranded RNA virus,is a potent inducer of type Ⅰ interferons in multiple cell systems.In this report,we present