克山病是一种病因未明、以心肌损伤为主要病变的地方性心肌病,始见于中国黑龙江省克山县,故命名为克山病,分布在中国东北到西南的低硒地带.目前急型和亚急型克山病的发病率、慢型和潜在型的患病人数均明显下降,但克山病病因至今不明.近年来病因学研究主要为两大学说:营养性生物地球化学病因和生物病因学说.现从克山病的病情现状和病因进展等方面予以综述,为克山病的诊治提供依据.“,”Keshan disease(KD) is an endemic cardiomyopathy with myocardial injury and no exact etiology .As founded in Keshan county,Heilongjiang province at the first time ,it was named KD.There is a selenium-deficient zone from the northeast of China to the south-west of China .The incidence of acute and sub-acute KD was reduced substantially and the number of patients in chronic and latent KD was also decreased .Although the prevalence of KD has been controlled ,the etiology is still not clear .There are two main theory-Nutritional bio-geochemical theory and biological etiology theory .This article mainly describes the status and the etiology progress of KD to provide basis for further study .